Chapter 13 Flashcard

Part 13

Artificial Intelligence in Business-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence in Business. Answer: Presentation Man-made reasoning alludes to the knowledge of machines, instead of the common insight of human or creatures. The man-made consciousness permits a machine to think like human and perform errands with no programming. It encourages machines to tackle complex takes and learn new things with no past programming. The exercises of man-made brainpower incorporate discourse acknowledgment, arranging, learning, and critical thinking. Man-made consciousness is a wide term which incorporates AI, profound learning, robotization and a lot more parts. In the cutting edge world, numerous organizations utilize man-made reasoning to improve the effectiveness of performing different takes in the business, which were generally performed by people. Utilizing computerized reasoning in business can profit an organization, however because of absence of innovative progressions, the man-made brainpower has numerous imperfections. This report will examine different advantages and disadvantages of utilizing computerized reasoning in the business by various organizations. Further, the report will break down these advantages and downsides dependent on the alternate point of view of associations, for example, Google, eBay, Uber and Microsoft. Venture Objective The essential goal of this report is to discover various points of interest and weaknesses of embracing man-made consciousness procedure in a business. This report will talk about the present status of man-made reasoning and its uses in various organizations. Further, this report will investigate the dangers of embracing computerized reasoning in business and its need in associations of various ventures. The auxiliary goal of this report is to dissecting various organizations that are utilizing man-made reasoning in their business and discover AIs esteem in business from their viewpoint. Task Scope The report will concentrate on the different utilization of man-made consciousness that could be gainful or adverse for an association. This report will assess the utilization of AI from the point of view of various associations. Further, the report will learn the present state and most recent advancement in man-made brainpower for business. The experience of utilizing AI in business from the perspective of different organizations will be examined in the report. Writing Review Man-made reasoning is characterized as the insight of hardware, which is not the same as human knowledge. It is a piece of software engineering that centers around creating a scholarly machine that performs undertakings and responds like a human. Different initiates for which man-made consciousness is intended to incorporate arranging, learning, critical thinking, thinking and discourse acknowledgment. As per Rouse (2016), Artificial knowledge can be ordered in various parts, for example, solid AI, powerless AI, limited AI, and expansive AI or other. Apples virtual individual help called Siri is a case of powerless AI. As indicated by Reddy (2016), lately, man-made reasoning has picked up fame because of development in size, speed, and variety of information gathered by associations. Simulated intelligence permits organizations to perform complex exercises, for example, perceiving designs in data, more proficiently than people, which help organizations in increasing more knowledge from their information. The organizations, for example, Apple, Google, Accenture and Uber, use AI in breaking down a lot of information from their clients and distinguishing designs in them, which help them to perceive their client's prerequisites and defining procedures dependent on such information. Current State of Artificial Intelligence As indicated by Nusca (2016), the man-made reasoning will significantly affect the economies, culture, and organizations of organizations in coming years. As of now, AI is moving into the business market and utilization of AI in business has developed considerably, when contrasted with recent years. Different parts of AI are utilized in various business accepts, for example, AI is utilized in promoting or advertising items in various markets. Google is utilizing AI to upgrading the expectation of web look through which permit the organization to increase upper hand. 2015 was the year for AI achievements with the progression in various territories, for example, menial helpers, web searches, and mechanization (Figure 2). According to ongoing progressions, the presentation of profound learning has changed the type of AI. This framework is equipped for learning new data itself, for instance, it distinguishes an orange with no programming. In 2015, Microsoft and Google programming had the option to overcome human at picture acknowledgment. Google, Facebook, and Microsoft are utilizing current AI to learn voice acknowledgment on cell phones. However, there are a few issues in AI advancement too. In late news, Facebook needs to stop their AI program since it erratically produced its own diverse language (King 2017). This shows there are a few dangers in AI improvement, which organizations need to discover while creating or executing AI application in their organizations. Focal points of Artificial Intelligence The cutting edge innovation permits organizations to utilize computerized reasoning in playing out their assignments. The utilization of AI has expanded because of the confinement of individuals for playing out specific errands (Figure 1). The AI can gather a lot of information from a few sources and break down it with essentially quick speed (Wenger 2014). Decrease in Errors Man-made reasoning permits associations to maintain a strategic distance from mistake and expands the odds of accomplishing exactness, with a high level of accuracy. In the event of people, while playing out specific undertakings there are odds of mistake due to human reason blunders every once in a while. PC, whenever customized accurately, don't commit errors like people, consequently, the companys information can be overseen blunder free regardless of its size. Associations could utilize AI simultaneously, for example, space investigation, since they are metal bodies which don't get influenced by space environment. This permits them to gather a lot of information without playing out any life threating exercises (Glymour, Scheines and Spirtes 2014). As per Ruth (2017), an application, for example, SAP, Avanade, and DONO permit association, for example, Wal-Mart, eBay, MasterCard, and Accenture, to gather a lot of clients information from Facebook, Google Analytics, Shopify and different stages. They investigate it to foresee data seeing clients, for example, shopping example, necessities and market request. Troublesome Tasks As per the examination of Cohen and Feigenbaum (2014), the man-made consciousness can use by organizations in performing troublesome errands, for example, mining, sea floor investigation, and oil investigation. The AI faces the challenges for human progression since human have different restrictions. For instance, the Mars wanderer sends by NASA called Curiosity, permit researchers to investigate Mars surface and gather information without really taking a chance with their lives. The wanderer goes on Mars surface while gathering information and decide its way, which causes him figure out how to have an independent mind. The AI developments like this are helpful for human information progression. Virtual Assistance The exploration of Bond and Gasser (2014) has presumed that, the fame of virtual help or advanced help has brought essentially up in recent years. A virtual help speaks with people to play out specific errands. They need passionate sentiments which assist them with intuition intelligently and locate a legitimate answer for issues. Numerous associations utilize such advanced help to perform little undertakings for their workers, for example, setting up their schedule, meeting updates and general web look. The most well known technique for AI is the virtual aids utilized in current cell phones. As indicated by the exploration led by Ramaswamy (2017), different cell phone or programming producer introduce virtual help to their cell phones which communicate with the client to play out specific undertakings. Not many models incorporate Google Now, Siri, Cortana, and Bixby. These advanced helps performs various assignments in cell phones, for example, looking through something on the web, setting updates or alerts, sending messages, or killing on or certain component in the telephone. In any case, with the most recent advancement in AI and explicitly AI, these helps can speak with clients like a human help, for example, making a quip, recollecting something or proceeding with a discussion. Clinical Applications Numerous clinical associations use AI to improve their clinical techniques. As indicated by Huhns (2012), the AI permits proficient assessment of patient condition by specialists and encourages them survey their wellbeing perils. Computer based intelligence help specialists to dissect the symptoms of various drugs and numerous expert specialists are instructed with a counterfeit medical procedure test system. Utilization of Robotics helps psychological well-being patients in various clinical issues, for example, gloom. Radiosurgery is a genuine case of present day progression of AI which helps in working tumors. This permits specialists to perform medical procedure without making any harm encompassing tissues. Performing Daily Mundane Tasks Fethi and Pasiouras (2010) reasoned that, the man-made brainpower permits organizations to manage their every day exhausting takes by utilization of mechanization that improves the efficiency in takes. Hypothetically, by utilizing AI, organizations can take out exhausting employments from human and give them extra time to perform innovative takes. The mechanization permits organizations to perform monotonous assignments of huge volume with high proficiency, less blunders and fast, when contrasted with people who are moderate, can't process huge information rapidly and cause mistakes. No Pause or Breaks Rich and Waters (2014) gave that, the advantage of AI incorporates its effectiveness to work immediately or breaks. The AI machine programs which mean they played out a la

0 Days Since Last Fire Alarm

0 Days Since Last Fire Alarm Sometimes MIT catches on fire. Ok, maybe not actually, but sometimes MIT thinks that it catches on fire. On more than one occasion Ive found myself outside in the snow or in the rain, waiting for the strobe lights to stop blinking before heading back into the dorm to resume whatever I was doing. Sam 07 wrote a nice entry about this experience here. This year Burton-Conner has been fairly lucky. As a dorm were only had about 5 fire alarms since orientation, one of which was a drill. Simmons, on the other hand, is getting slapped around by the fire gods as if it was nothing more than an obnoxious insect buzzing in MITs face. Chris 12 probably knows more about this than I do, but the gist of it is that Simmons has had somewhere around 10 to 15 fire alarms since the school year has started. For a period of about two weeks they were CONSTANTLY outside, waiting to be let back in. You can actually hear the Simmons fire alarm from my kitchen, which is what happened a couple of weeks ago. I heard an alarm and looked out the window, only to see Simmons flashing, students leaving, and firetrucks parking. I watched the scene for a little bit and then noticed the Simmons LED display. Simmons LED display? You see, Simmons Hall has a bazillion little windows in order to make the building look taller than it actually is. Students have realized that the windows look a lot like pixels, and as such have created a scrolling LED display that can be read across the river in Boston, or from my kitchen window. Anywho, Simmons was on fire (which actually means that somebody didnt understand that when you smoke inside the dorm the fire alarms go off) and the firetrucks were all outside. The LED display caught my attention and I couldnt help but laugh, because obviously the residents of Simmons were getting a little exasperated by the amount of fire alarms. Heres a glimpse at what it was displaying. Post Tagged #Simmons Hall

Solving The Foreclosure Crisis - 1291 Words

On its surface, the current foreclosure crisis appears to have erupted from a volatile mix of debt, deregulation, risk, and over-leveraging within the economy. This; however, is a merely symptomatic approach to the recession, and does not address its underlying causes. In order to truly solve the crisis of foreclosures, one must address the systemic deficiencies which allowed the crisis to originally form. In the housing sector, the foreclosure crisis can be viewed as the bursting of the housing bubble. Indeed, the economy as a whole around the turn of the millennium can be characterized by its bubbles, and any solution to the housing bubble must necessarily take into account the complex web of interconnections between each and every†¦show more content†¦In this way, an incentive is provided for cleaner, sustainable development, which has been hindered to the current day by its economic infeasibility. When taking a long term approach, however, one can see that any further entrenchment of the current fossil fuel status quo is ultimately infeasible due to its unsustainability. With true economic incentives in place for the development of green energy, new development in the future will take on a different character. A host of new industries will manifest themselves, moving the economy away from the old modes of production into an engine ready to take the United States through the 21st century. With the development of new jobs and reliable long term sources of income for the population will come the true economic growth and security needed to save peoples homes. The United States stature on the world stage has long been derived from its avant-garde status as a technological innovator --all GDP growth is born of technology; GDP is simply the adaptation of technology to marketplace. The fiscal mirages of the past decade are a product of the lack of incentives in place for fostering real, production based growth. Adopting a Graduated Energy Standard for the dollar not only provides an incentive for increasing economic output, but also pushes that new output in a forward-thinking direction. Because the foreclosures in the housing market are a direct symptomShow MoreRelatedSolving the Foreclosure Crisis 1107 Words   |  5 PagesSolving the foreclosure crisis is not an easy quest. In order to solve the crisis, it will take everyone getting involved. The banks and other lenders need to be willing to work with people who have been in their homes and need to have their loans restructured or refinanced. There should not be any more QUICK FIXES. Too many of the lending institutions are trying to put a bandage on an open wound. Instead of working with the homeowners, they are willing to put the residents out of the homes and thinkRead MoreSolving the Foreclosure Crisis 972 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to solve the foreclosure crisis, first we must identify and examine the reasons why people are going into foreclosure. The unstable economy which has led to the loss of thousands of jobs is the most obvious reason that people are foreclosing their homes. Without a stable and sufficient source of income, it is virtually impossible to pay back mortgage lenders. The first step we should take to solve the foreclosure crises is to create more jobs so that people can pay their mortgages on timeRead MoreSolving The Foreclosure Crisis Essay985 Words   |  4 PagesHome foreclosures have been a hot topic in recent months as the economy has been in a serious downfall with a very slow recovery process. There are many different philosophies and many people truly feel that we can recover from this. We can alter the foreclosure status by giving serious considera tion to the economic times and the types of mortgages that are available. Buyers must become more educated on the additional costs when getting a mortgage such as taxes, insurance, etc. The governmentRead MoreSolving the Foreclosure Crisis 1156 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Foreclosure filings were reported on 336,173 U.S. properties in June, the fourth straight monthly total exceeding 300,000†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Brooklyn, NY – December 30, 2009 Foreclosures continue to rise drastically across the United States due to the recession, and have effected, and continue to affect thousands of families and individuals every day. One aspect we must take into consideration is that most people are not informed of what foreclosure means, or the process, even those who are homeowners.Read MoreSolving The Foreclosure Crisis1012 Words   |  5 PagesThe current foreclosure crisis is affecting everyone in this nation. If people are not experiencing the crisis firsthand, they hear about it through family, friends, and their other social networks. Nonetheless, it is impossible to escape because the media is constantly showing coverage about it. People are becoming more aware and seeing how expansive the impact is through television, internet, print, and radio. Americans are quickly realizing the impact the foreclosure crisis is having on theRead MoreSolving the Foreclosure Crisis 979 Words    |  4 PagesOne way to solve the foreclosure crisis is to actually foreclose on every homeowner’s home loan, including the homeowners in bankruptcy, pre-foreclosure and post-foreclosure. The credit report of these homeowners should read as a recession in 2009 and it should not lower their credit scores. The banks should then match the previous interest rates to the interest rates of today and appraise each home and property at the value that it was assigned by its local tax assessor. By doing this it willRead MoreSolving the Foreclosure Crisis 1578 Words   |  7 Pagespotential loss breaks down as follows: Loss from sales price: $200,000.00 5% Commission: $10,000.00 3% closing cost credit: $6,000.00 Repair credits: $1,000.00 Foreclosure fees: $50,000.00 Total loss $267,000.00 Case number one: For those whose income has not had any major variations from the time they initiated their mortgage, but are finding themselves unable to continue their payments because of anRead MoreSolving the Foreclosure Crisis Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesThe foreclosure crisis was one of the harbingers of the coming economic recession. This was the issue that shifted the focus of the 2008 presidential election from the Iraq War to the economy. As one can imagine, many individuals and families are currently hurting as a result of this foreclosure crisis. High unemployment rates and lack of job creation leave very few options for already struggling homeowners. Because the housing industry composes such a large part of the American economy and affectsRead MoreEssay on Solving the Foreclosure Crisis 969 Words   |  4 PagesThe current foreclosure crisis that our nation is experiencing has become a great hardship on many people in America. People that have lost their jobs due to cut backs, people with families for whom they need to provide shelter, people who are otherwise very responsible but have been put in a position from which they cannot escape, these are the people that are suffering. Normally if one could not afford to make payments on their mortgage, there would be ways for them to refinance their mortgageRead MoreThe Solving The Foreclosure Crisis933 Words   |  4 Pages The foreclosure crisis, which tragically happened several years ago, stole away the homes from countless Americans and left them high and dry. These Americans were not even neglecting to pay for their mortgage on purpose; the economy took a drastic downfall and took all of those unshielded Americans with it. Now, these Americans are left with many questions that are unanswered – until now. They still have the chance to improve their credit, test out their dream home, and thrive in the current reasonable

Walt Whitman Has Commonly - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 523 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Walt Whitman Essay Did you like this example? Walt Whitman has commonly been acknowledged as one of the few white American writers who has shined the racial attitudes of his time. When I think about Walt Whitmans writing the first thing that comes to my mind is a big part of his poetic philosophy is kind of have a free spirit and treating everyone equally. He is against slavery at the time and also against about racism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Walt Whitman Has Commonly" essay for you Create order Even though he had his struggles of being gay at a time when people take that as the end of the world. Comparatively, even five to ten years ago people in America had a concept that being homosexual is not the end of the world. But in his time slavery and being homosexual exiles were the same thing and you could be killed or be in prison. But it gives Whitman in his poetry the view of what his ?his person if everyone knew he would be condemned as well. So, he had to live with that. That is why Whitman is considered as the first epic American poet who believes that we should treat each other equal. Frederick Douglasss writing has also given us the viewpoint about racial judgment remains and which were a substantial problem back then, this must be understood against the contextual of extraordinary progress since decades. And the fact of the matter is that there is mostly no practicable alternative to some form of favorable action if we want to pledge the evil effects of certain forms of insight. Thus, although Whitmans racist opinions of blacks, shaped in part by the bad science of the day, were inconsistent and at times unsure, his poetic vision stimulated a way past his own conventional limitations toward better justice. His solution to the inconsistency was to avoid racial subjects, much as he would avoid issues about the massacre being committed against Native Americans. He could not even resolve such inconsistencies in his own spirit. Therefore, the first thing I consider as I explore this is the reality that Americans dont really believe America darn aware of. In the same way, Douglass was writing for people who are not used to hearing this. He is talking to people through his writing only look at other Americans misconception of slavery today and American slavery was a part of the worldwide system. but by focusing on it he was writing for people who can only think of black people as ?slaves thats all they can be and that is what civil war was about. People of north say that as human being we cant deal with the slavery anymore. And then Douglass is coming in and saying why dont I write and speak to everyone through my writing. As a result, both writers grab the attention of people who would not normally pay them any mind. As we can see for both sides of this issue, people voted is one of the most stressful if we added the likes of Douglass and Whitman into this dialogue and calm people for a second and brought intelligent wisdom into this that might solve a lot of problems.

The Marine Pollution Free Essays

Ocean Dumping The practice of ocean dumping should be banned. Marine pollution is at the heart of interest in today†s search for a clean environment. Not only does ocean dumping add to the unsightliness of the once beautiful and pristine waters; it also kills the marine life which inhabits those waters. We will write a custom essay sample on The Marine Pollution or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pollution on a grand-scale is wreaking havoc on the Earth. The ocean is not an exception. In 1996, a bill, which would ban the dumping of dredge spoils in the Long Island Sound, was submitted in congress by Michael Forbes (Freedman). At that time, Congressman Forbes predicted that all dumping in the United States would end in the foreseeable future. He sees ocean dumping ending in the 21st century (Freeman). Unfortunately, ocean dumping is the least expensive way to dispose of dredged materials and other pollutants (Freeman). Although an uphill battle, ocean dumping should be outlawed altogether. In New York City, proposed building of treatment plants was conceptualized (Murphy). This allowed an alternative to ocean dumping; since ocean court decisions and legislation (Murphy) had banned dumping. The sludge may be transported to other states for use as fertilizer (Murphy). Treatment plants are less of an eyesore than pollutants in the ocean. Unfortunately, no one wants a treatment facility in â€Å"his back yard†. Many miles of beaches have been closed over the years, due to ocean dumping. For communities where beaches are tourist attractions, this causes devastating economic consequences. At one point, medical debris washed ashore (Bauman). Congress passed a law at that time that banned the dumping of sewage into the ocean (Bauman). In 1987, an international agreement was signed and a national law was enacted to prevent ocean dumping (Miller). As late as 1995, ocean dumping continued to remain a serious threat (Miller). Tons of trash continued to pollute the nation†s beaches. The trash not only threatens marine life; it also threatens the lives of humans (Miller). There was no national plan for managing vessel waste. Enforcement powers for ocean dumping is spread among several agencies. This severely hampered the situation. The Marie Conservation Volunteers scoured more than 95,000 miles of United States coastlines on September 16, 1995 (Miller). More than 140,000 volunteers were involved in this campaign (Miller). In 1994, over 2. 8 million pounds of trash were picked up off of lakes, estuaries, and ocean beaches (Miller). This shows that the problem of ocean dumping is not a small one. This is a huge environmental problem. The Environmental Protection Agency should require ocean waste-management plans, in addition to those that have been created for land (Miller). Plastic particles, particularly six-pack rings, are damaging to marine animals. When ingested, plastic is harmful to marine animals. Discarded fishing gear leads to a high mortality rate among birds, fish, turtles, whales, and dolphins (Miller). Unfortunately, humans are also at risk from this form of pollution, due to the fact that trash, which surfaces on the beach, can easily be stepped on. This garbage could (and does) contain such contaminates as syringes (Miller). In 1996, a dispute halted the dredging of shipping channels in New York and New Jersey. This allowed silt to pass into the channels and made them too small for large ships. One hundred eighty thousand jobs were threatened, as well as $20 billion in freight business (Bauman). The collapse of ocean fisheries is a major environmental problem. Environmental issues such as ocean dumping are a public concern. Ocean dumping is not only an issue of concern for America. The entire world must take a stand. International cooperation is vital for the preservation of marine life. Environmental concerns are evidenced to shape international treaties. The Montreal Protocol; the UN Summit on the Environment; agreements to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) attest to this fact (Burnett). There is a commonality in most global problems. This commonality occurs when resources are owned by many, or when no one owns the resources. Unfortunately, self-interested behavior can lead to environmental degradation when resources, such as the ocean, are the property of several or none. No one is the protector; therefore, all should be the protectors (Burnett). Flushing untreated waste in the streams, rivers, and ultimately, the ocean, is disruptive to nature†s balance. Nitrogen and phosphorus support algae blooms and thus a depletion of oxygen (Benchley). Many parts of bays are practically dead zone already. Marine life cannot survive this! Toxic chemicals also contaminate the fish, making them inedible (Benchley). Commercial fishing is a worldwide industry. It is in decline due to ocean dumping. This growing problem affects all nations. Almost 70 percent of the world†s marine fish stocks are either fully fished, over fished, depleted, or recovering modestly. This is no small problem. Technology is increasing the number and range of the world†s fishing fleet (Burnett). Ocean dumping kills off the fish that are left. Across the nation, coastal cities have routinely disposed of sewage and trash by dumping it into the ocean. This has been happening for many years. After a while, the oceans begin to show the affect of this. It is frightening to think what dangers have yet been uncovered. Criminal charges should be enforced when anyone dumps waste into the ocean. This would help deter this activity. Illegal pollution is a crime. More people need to realize this. More laws must be made and enforced. Has anyone considered how fragile marine and coastal environments are? Has anyone considered the amount of waste that can be dumped into the ocean without causing damage. The ocean can not indefinitely take dumping of waste without serious consequences. Oil spills are another threat to oceans. Much of the oil used in the United States is exported. Tankers do this. The increase in tanker traffic causes concern over oil spills. Birds are even affected when there is an oil spill. Marine animals die from the sludge or are trapped on land. The ocean is the place for swimmers, scuba divers, sailors and those scientists who enjoy its study. The ocean is blue. It is emerald green. It is almost black. Its beauty is unsurpassed. Smelling the clean salt air and feeling the ocean breeze is one of the best experiences anyone can have. The ocean is home to the dolphin, tuna, porpoise, shark, whale, and octopus. Reefs of coral are found in many areas, Hawaii being one. Stories have been written about the ocean. Many have lost their lives at sea. The ocean is deserving of much respect. It needs protection, not pollution. Sight must not be lost of the global environmental concerns. An ocean, which has been used as a dump, is a tragedy. Sight must not be lost of the global environmental concerns, which affect the ocean, its life, and its beauty. How to cite The Marine Pollution, Essay examples

Hoarding You Say free essay sample

There is no doubt that America is one of the biggest garbage producers in the world. Landfills are being filled with tons of non-biodegradable materials and a lot of other unnecessary materials that can be recycled. The waste that is too harmful and expensive to sort is shipped overseas for poor communities to dispose of in harmful ways. There must be a better way to dispose of all the junk so that we won’t contaminate the entire world. What if the solution was as simple as hoarding? We might picture hoarders as crazy, old aged, single women who do not have the heart to throw away a pretty Pringle container. You may also know her as the crazy cat lady from down the street, but what would you saw if I told you hoarding is the way of the future? Hoarders collect materials like newspapers, plastic containers and clothes, all of which are things that can be recycled or disposed of properly. I believe that in order to save the environment from all this garbage, Americans should become hoarders. Imagine your house being filled up with mountains of unread newspapers and documents. You would have enough paper to make a tree. Now imagine every single person in America doing it. We would have enough paper to recycle to save the rain forest. No more will there be unused dirty paper in the landfills; they will be compiled somewhere in your living room and dining room. Why throw away something that can actually be used again? When you hoard paper, you have it organized in clumps which make it easier to sort and recycle. The same could be done with empty plastic containers. Some of the plastic containers are not recyclable, which is why they will be disposed of properly, and the ones are, will be recycled. The same would go with glass containers. What would a hoarder want more than an empty jar of pickles? Maybe an empty jar of jam! The containers would most likely be sorted by material, color, cuteness and size, or they will just be kept in cardboard boxes, which would also be recycled. This would be a snap for the recycle crew to pick up because it will cause little to no effort for them to sort out these materials. Hoarders also like to collect junk like broken/working appliances, nick knacks and clothes. We can put those appliances to work and if not, we can rip them apart to be recycled and used for other things such as scrap metal for other appliances. Also think of all the clothes that can be collected from these hoarders. They can be shipped off to poverty stricken areas where they can’t afford a piece of clothing or shoes. Do you really need all those V-necks? The stuff that can’t be re-reused can be recycled to make paper or other things. The amount of material that is unusable would be minute and wouldn’t have as large of an impact on Earth. The recycling duties will be managed by the already existing Waste Management and Re cycling Company. They will be in charge of going to your house recording and picking up your stuff. You might think that because someone is a hoarder they will not want to give up their precious paper to the recycling brigade so to resolve this problem the hoarder will be given a non-invasive drug that makes them more cooperative with authority. This will allow an easier process for recycling duties. Think of all the money we will be saving by not producing new material because we will already have the resources to make new things from the old. There might still be money spent for these materials but it will certainly be cut in half or even more. Think of all of the jobs this will create: Recycling is a huge process with a huge demand for workers. This will increase the economic growth and encourage people to be the best hoarders they can be. These people will also receive a very nice tax credit at the end of the year, which will depend on how much they‘ve hoarded. Because it will be government owned, the company will not operate for profits but for the common good of the people and environment. This will ensure that everything is done with the best interest of Mother Nature in mind. Because hoarding will become a big thing in the future as a way of showing you care for the environment, it will be considered acceptable. Imagine being at school and every kid in the cafeteria instead of throwing away their cardboard cartons, sporks and plastic trays, they put it in a bag and taken home to be organize in their rightful place. If everyone did this, everything would be clean. No more trash on the sidewalks, in parks, on the side of the roads, canals and many other areas that find â€Å"trash† at. Everything would be clean and landfill would be smaller. Not only would everyone be conservationists, but people would want to do this for the economic boost it provides. Even if wealthy people don’t want to hoard, there would be lower income people tha t would happily do it for them by taking their un-wanted stuff. This would create a community service for the rich which would help out the people in need of serious cash. Being hoarders will help out Mother Nature and ensure a clean future for our kids. Being a hoarder doesn’t have to be a bad thing, it just means you’re good at holding on to things and organizing them. These are qualities of a focused and well-rounded human being. This is our planet and we should keep it clean. We don’t want to wake up one day swimming in our own crap, do we?

A New Kind of Ancestor Essay Example

A New Kind of Ancestor Essay After reading the article A New Kind Of Ancestor: , all I can say is that these paleoanthropologist are very dedicated and determined at what they do. The amount of time they spend analyzing bones, bone fragments, teeth, and DNA is just amazing. Ardipithecus ramidus is a 4.4-million-year old skeleton form Aramis, Ethiopia. Nicknamed Ardi This rare skeleton is not the oldest putative hominin but Ardipithecus Ramidus is one of the most complete of the earliest specimens. Ardipithecus Ramidus was found with most of the skull, teeth, pelvis, hands, and feet. Ardi lived in the woodlands,Ardi walked upright planting her feet flat on the ground. Scientists believe that her diet could have consisted of nuts, insects, and small mammals in the woodlands. Ardi was still living in both worlds, she could walk on two feet while on the ground but also with the help of an Paleoanthropologist Alan Walker said that These things were very odd creature, personally I feel like these things while being ve ry odd would have been very cool. I feel like these things were pretty much chimpanzees.   After reading A New Kind of Ancestor:   Ardipithecus Unveiled I was very impressed by the discoveries and facts paleoanthropologist   put together after so many years.   Its incredible how technology gives us the ability to study ancient life and discover artifacts dated millions of years ago. Ever since the discovery of Lucy in 1973, researchers have had many more questions. Ardipithecus Ramidus was a big addition to anthropologist and has given a different outlook towards the connection of humans and hominids.  Ardipithecus   Ramidus (Ardi)   is a 4.4 million year old skeleton found in Aramis, Ethiopia.     In 1992   Ardipithecus Ramidus (Ardi) was found with most of her bones (skull, teeth, pelvis, hands, and feet) giving a tremendous amount of information about   hominids . The skeleton and pieces of at least 35 additional individuals of Ardi revealed a new ty We will write a custom essay sample on A New Kind of Ancestor specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A New Kind of Ancestor specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A New Kind of Ancestor specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Civil Rights and Affirmative Action essays

Civil Rights and Affirmative Action essays Think of this, a man is ignored and shut out at work because everyone thinks he got his job because of his color. The problem is, he was more qualified than every other person, black or white, that applied for the job, and he is treated like he is not qualified. This whole situation should be avoided. Our affirmative action policies in America need to be changed. The ways that people look at each other is different in the workplace because everyone wonders if they or a co-worker has gotten their job due to affirmative action. Minorities think that affirmative action is used to help past wrongs, but whites see it as a form of reverse discrimination. People say that unqualified minorities get jobs from more qualified whites, and that is causing more qualified people to take lower-paying jobs. Since the beginning of the use of affirmative action, America has become a racially tense and a strained place to live in, since whites and minorities fail to agree on the effectiveness of this pr actice. Affirmative Action is defined by Webster's New World College Dictionary as " a policy or program for correcting the effects of discrimination in the employment or education of members of certain groups." Affirmative Action was designed to help eliminate past & present discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This was implemented because of the discrimination that minorities received from the whites of America (Kivel 9). The actual phrase "affirmative action" was first used in President Lyndon Johnson's 1965 Executive Order 11246, which requires federal contractors to "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin," (Lewis 15). In 1967, Johnson expanded the Executive Order to include affirmative action requirements to benefit women (Peters 43). Originally, these civil rights programs wer...

International Marketing( Pizza hut in China) Essay

International Marketing( Pizza hut in China) - Essay Example success story due to the specialized and far sighted strategies followed by the company in expanding its business into the high potential market of China. Pizza Hut is one of the most famous fast food centres specialized in a wide variety of pizzas with different crusts and toppings. Pizza Hut is based in Texas and is the largest pizza restaurant in the world. There are more than 7500 Pizza Hut restaurants in the United States alone. The company also operates more than 5600 Pizza Hut restaurants in almost 100 countries in different corners of the world. The first fast food restaurant of Pizza Hut was opened in 1958 in Kansas by two brothers named Frank Karney and Dan Karney. The company followed a franchisee based strategy to expand its operations (Bradley, 1999, p.118). The first franchisee of Pizza Hut was opened in Topeka region of Kansas. After the opening up of this franchisee, the company continued to grow in terms of size, popularity as well as scale of operations. The company currently has more than 8000 units of food chains operating across different countries in the globe. The company introduced the delivery system in 1988 a fter which the sales of the company were boosted to a high extent, especially in the United States. Apart from a variety of pizzas, Pizza Hut also offers other fast food items like Garlic bread, chicken wings, soups, pastas, nachos, cornitos and lasagnes in its menu. The company offers a wide range of food items and is famous for its excellent quality and efficient services provided to the customers. Pizza Hut emerged as a highly popular fast food company in the United States. After the success in their home country, the company focused on expanding their operations in other suitable international markets to tap in new opportunities and increase their revenues and customer base. The high market growth and profitability of Pizza Hut in the domestic market provided the company with the necessary backup and resources to internationalize

The Choice of Music in Any Film and the Meanings of the Actions Research Paper

The Choice of Music in Any Film and the Meanings of the Actions Performed in the Film - Research Paper Example In the Pianist, the horror story of the Nazi holocaust is told through the story of Wladyslaw Szpilman. He is a Polish-Jewish Pianist cum composer trapped in the evil objective of the Nazi manifesto to degrade the Jewish people of the world (Akhtar, Rogers & Plotkin, 2002). Music in both films is used to achieve different emotions to viewers in order to convey different messages to them. While â€Å"The Pianist† starts with a low note of the piano The GodFather begins in the centre of the underworld which is Don Corleone’s office as he listens to requests in his role as The GodFather; the leader of the crime world. Dressed in a dark suit and a white shirt The GodFather epitomizes the cadre of his profession which is a raw crime. Outside the dark tense office of Don Corleone, there is an ongoing wedding full of pomp and music; it is the wedding of his only daughter. This is meant from the onset to show the two different worlds in a mafia family. While the women and the c hildren are spared the intricacies of mafia operations the men such as Sony and his father are the kingpins of the underworld. The Pianist begins in the streets of Warsaw in 1939 at the onset of the world war. Szpilman is behind his keyboard in the studios of the polish state radio playing Chopin 's Nocturne in C-sharp minor Lento con gran espressione. The calm composition signifies the pieced prevailing in Warsaw before it is attacked by the Nazi thugs. As Stillman plays the piano the first sounds of the raging war outside are heard presumably from the window behind his producer in the studio.

Comparison of Colonisation in Brazil and Ireland

Comparison of Colonisation in Brazil and Ireland INTRODUCTION Purpose of this paper is to compare the colonisation of Ireland with that of Brazil. In order to do this, the paper has been structured into three parts. The first part looks at the pre-colonial period of Ireland and Brazil. This is followed by the comparison of colonisation processes that each one was faced with. Finally, the post-colonial Ireland and Brazil are discussed. PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD COUNTRY AND POPULATION According to Smith (1999), authority within the Irish island was decentralised, with important regional variations between communities of independent or semi-independent Gaelic chieftaincies, turbulent Anglo-Irish marcher lordships, and an east coast area regularly influenced by the operations of English common law and the officials of the royal administration at Dublin. Its population has been estimated at around 2 million (Encarta 2000). Most of the hundreds of indigenous peoples who inhabited eastern South America prior to the arrival of the Europeans were members of the Tupà ­-Guaranà ­ cultures. In Brazil, the native Toupi-family groups we found in areas along the eastern coast of the continent south of Amazon River and inland south of the Amazon to the Andean foothills (Encarta 2000). According to Economist (2000), population of pre-colonial Brazil was about 2.5 million when the Portuguese arrived. According to Encarta (2000), this number is difficult to estimate since there are no written records, with recent calculations suggesting between 1 and 6 million Native Americans in 1500. CULTURE AND LANGAUGE Said (1990) described Ireland as a third world country, both England’s poor â€Å"other† and belonging to the cultural domain of the developed world. However, Encarta (2000) indicates that its Celtic culture was famous for its artworks, music and cultural institutions. People spoke Celtic, Gealic language. Indian societies belonged, for the most part, to the great Tupi cultural root, which had been lasting for at least 500 years when contact with the Europeans was established (Metcalf 2005). In comparison to Irish, Tupi society was much more primitive. The village was the basis of the Tupi social organisation. The society was often referred to as the ‘land without evil’ and it had no slavery among its groups. According to Encarta (2000), these people had no metal tools, no written language, no beasts of burden and no knowledge of the wheel. They worshiped spirits and relied on religious figures known as shamans for healing, divination of future events, and connection to the world of spirits. They spoke variations of the Tupian language. COLONIAL PROCESS SYSTEMATIC VS ACCIDENTAL In the history of the Irish colonisation by England there are two distinct colonisations (Nelligan 2000). The first was in the 13th century with the arrival of the Anglo-Normans. This was a colonisation that had some form of dialogue, an interaction between the coloniser and the colonised, where eventually it is deemed that the colonisers became â€Å"more Irish than the Irish themselves†. However, the second type of colonisation in Irish history occurred in the 1560s, with the advent of Cromwell’s campaign, which entailed the attempted total destruction of Irish culture, language, history, lifestyle, and rights of the Irish people. This entailed no dialogue except for the threat of death if compliance with the coloniser was not forthcoming. While the colonisation of Ireland was systematic from the beginning, discovery of Brazil by the Portuguese came in 1500 by accident, when a fleet commanded by Pedro Alvares Cabral and bound for India was blown off course (Economist 2000). Furthermore, it has been claimed that the conquest and appropriation of the Brazilian territory, and the questions that they provoked, did not always put Europeans and Indians one against the other (Abreu 2004). Colonisation often demanded that the Europeans allied themselves to the natives against other Europeans, and that the natives allied themselves to Europeans against other natives. SETTLEMENT AND OPPRESSION VS ECONOMY BY SLAVERY Irish colonisation was an attempt at annihilation of the Irish in order to make room for English settlers (Nelligan 2000). It was an outright attempt at domination, usurpation and control of the Irish people. According to Lilley (2000), the process of colonisation in medieval Ireland needs to be viewed in the context of Norman and English depictions of the Irish as non-urbanised and therefore uncivilised, because towns were of operated without urban laws. This lack of written urban law has sometimes led historians to accept that the Normans and the English introduced urbanism into Ireland and that they therefore also ‘civilised’ the country. This was done in order to show that there was just cause to settle and urbanise the ‘barbarous people’ of Ireland. The legal and economic privileges contained in these urban laws initially excluded indigenous peoples, and the landscapes of newly developing towns were organised so that Irish were spatially marginalised. I n this context, the idea that the Irish were socially and culturally inferior to the Normans and the English was reinforced. This confirms Meining’s (1982) assumptions that the exercise of ultimate political authority by the invaders over the invaded involves the locating of agents representing the imperial state in the subordinate area; as well as his argument that imperial expansion is basically predatory, and that agents of the imperial power will seek to extract wealth from the conquered territory, creating new economic relationships. This also goes inline with Meining’s (1969) argument that only by appreciating the nature of the geopolitical environment of the early seventeenth century can the ideological significance of the Self/Other theme be truly recognised. Colonisation of Brazil served different purpose. According to Marchant (1942), it involved two stages. The first one, prior to colonisation, was dominated by barter and was profitable for both sides. This is why the natives were compelled to search for contact with the Europeans. In fact, bartering became so important to some native communities that they continued to practice it even when the terms of trade were modified, that is, after the Europeans started to require the ownership of the Indian labor force. The second phase started in the fourth decade of the sixteenth century, when the first sugar mills were established. To be profitable, sugar production demanded a multiplicity of hands and hard work journeys, which the majority of the Portuguese settlers had no condition or will to provide. Furthermore, Portugal did not possess a demographic surplus that would be able to sustain, at the same time, the voracity for men of the Brazilian sugar plantations and the labor force needs of metropolitan agriculture. As the option for wage-earning labor was not considered, because it made impossible the commercial production of sugar, the enslavement of the native of the country started. According to Metcalf (2005), an ever increasing West African slave trade did not only carry powerful economic interests, but the well developed justification for slavery, as well as legal principles certified by the pope. The trade in Africa encouraged an immediate adoption of slave trading in Brazil by Portuguese merchants. Argeu (2004) claims that, with the establishment of a general-government in Brazil, in 1549, the first official determinations against slavery appeared but only to the ‘allied’ natives, required to be settled near the European cities and towns. The policy of Indian settlements was introduced at the end of the 1550s. The work of the natives was compulsory in the settlements. In the last quarter of the sixteenth century, as the natives were becoming rare in the coast, it became necessary to attract the native populations from the interior, thus starting the cycle of ‘transfers’ that would last until the eighteenth century. It involved conv incing the natives in the interior that it was their interest to settle near the Portuguese, for their own protection and well being. Reality, however, ended up by being different, as it became very common to bring the natives by force to the coast, where they were distributed among the sugar cane plantations and European settlers. In 1570 the crown adopted the medieval concept of ‘just war’ to Brazil, and slavery was seen as the fair price paid by those who opposed themselves to the civilising and catechising role of the Europeans. Although only the king or the governor general had the power to declare just wars, the requirements were not always obeyed, resulting in the breaking out of just wars everywhere. This resulted in the massive enslavement of all kinds of natives, including the allies. Thus, according to Metcalf (2005), Indian slavery expanded dramatically after 1570, becoming an integral part of the colonial Brazilian economy and society. Following the discove ry of gold in the late 1600s, Brazil expanded its borders into the interior of the continent (Encarta 2000). Gold made Brazil the most economically important region of the Portuguese. In the late 17th century, gold was also discovered north of Rio de Janeiro. By 1700 the western world’s first great gold rush had begun as thousands of colonists and slaves poured into the region. It received new stimulus in the 1720s with the discovery of diamonds in the region north of the gold fields (Encarta 2000). The slave system began to disintegrate in the 1880s with the rise of a vocal abolitionist movement, largely in the cities, and the growing tendency for slaves to flee from their masters. By 1888 unrest on plantations, and the refusal of the army to step in and halt the flight of slaves from their masters, brought the system to the brink of chaos (Encarta 2000). The colonial process in Brazil was inline with Meining’s (1982) and (1969) arguments discussed above. POST-COLONIAL PERIOD INDEPENDENCE For Said (1990), Irish people were central to the emergence of Irish nationalism. Independence was finally achieved in the early 20th century. According to McDonnell (2001), there were two stages of decolonisation. The first stage of decolonisation was the founding of the Free State. The second stage was the decision of the Irish Free State to remain out of WWII, where as the northern state became more and more identified and incorporated into the UK as a colonised state. One of the major results of decolonisation was that the state of Northern Ireland was formed which would remain under British control. Ireland is usually referred to as post-colonial despite continuing conflict over Northern Ireland. This led to the isolation of Northern Irish Catholics within that territory and their further colonisation. Northern Ireland will never be apart of the republic, and at bet will be its own independent state. Many argued that Ireland had not fully decolonised and expressed the struggle t hat was the begging of the process (McDonnell 2001). According to McDonnell (2001), Irish became own critics when they no longer had critics. The colonial thinking led to the selective teaching of history in Ireland, as the 19th and 20th century was not taught in schools until the 1950s. Today teachers still have an agenda to give a republican perspective on what happened (McDonnell 2001). In contrast to Irish, Brazilian independence was achieved without violence. When Napoleon invaded Portugal and Spain in early 19th century, Portuguese were forced to transfer the center of the empire to Rio de Janeiro (Encarta 2000). In 1815 John VI elevated Brazil to the status of a kingdom, placing it on an equal footing with Portugal. The presence of the monarchy and court in Rio brought Brazilian and Portuguese elites together and paved the way for a gradual transition to independence. Once Napoleon was defeated, John VI reluctantly left for Portugal in 1821. His son Pedro remained in the colony as prince regent of Brazil. Pedro and his advisers realised that revolutions in other Latin American countries were encouraging a movement for national independence in Brazil and decided to take control of this movement. In 1822, after receiving orders from the Portuguese Cortes curtailing his authority in Brazil, Pedro declared Brazil’s independence. COUNTRY SIZE AND POPULATION Ireland republic today comprises about five-sixths of the island of Ireland, and excludes North Ireland (Encarta 2000). The country consists of the provinces of Leinster, Munster, and Connacht (Connacht) and part of the province of Ulster. The rest of Ulster, which occupies the northeastern part of the island, constitutes Northern Ireland, a constituent part of the United Kingdom. The population of Ireland is predominantly of Celtic origin and no significant ethnic minorities exist. In 1998 it was estimated at 3,619,480, which is a decrease from the 1840s, when about 6.5 million people lived in the area included in the republic. This was largely because of a high emigration rate (Encarta 2000). Colonisation of Brazil, on the other hand, has resulted in an enormous country, occupying area along the eastern coast of South America and including much of the continent’s interior region (Encarta 2000). The population increased during the 18th century as a result of natural increase and immigration to Brazil’s gold fields, which were discovered in the late 17th century. Population further increased when the Portuguese brought more than 2 million slaves from Africa to Brazil to provide labor for the sugar plantations and gold mines. During the early part of the 19th century over 1 million more slaves were imported. After the slave trade was abolished in 1850, the country’s population continued to grow by natural increase and immigration from Italy, Portugal, Germany, and Spain. By 1900 the population was just over 17 million. Immigration continued to be substantial until the 1930s, with many Japanese arriving after 1908. Since then, population growth has been p rimarily due to natural increase. In 1950 Brazil had 51,944,000 inhabitants, and in 1998 estimated 169,806,557 (Encarta 2000). However, colonisation has reduced the number of natives from perhaps 2.5m when the Portuguese arrived, to just 100,000 in the 1970s, although the Amerindian population has now risen to 325,000 (Economist 2000). Native population decreased rapidly as a consequence of war, enslavement, and the introduction of European diseases. In the 1990s Native Americans made up less than 1 percent of the population, living in isolated groups in remote regions of the rain forest. However, it has been suspected that their birth rate is now 10% above the Brazilian average. As a consequence of colonisation, Brazil’s population is a mixture of Native American, European, and African peoples. These groups have intermingled over the years to create a society with considerable ethnic complexity. CULTURE Evidence suggests that both Irish and Brazilian cultures suffered from colonisation. It has been claimed that the exposure to Portuguese society was shocking. It resulted in introversion and shame, created by slavery, which lasted longer and involved larger numbers in Brazil than anywhere else (Economist 2000). It also resulted in isolation of Brazil form its Spanish-speaking neighbours. Negative effects of colonisation in Ireland varied from loss of culture to the emotional and material losses (McDonnell 2001). Colonisation of Ireland had caused feelings of withdrawal and inferiority. Kenny (1985) described the post-colonial Irish personality as one in which the inner world is elaborated, bringing a focus on fantasy, magical thinking, superstition, and creativity. Furthermore, the reaction to the outer world is one of helplessness and passivity, as people came to believe in their own inferiority and powerlessness to change things. According to Economist (2000b), five centuries of miscegenation in Brazil have blurred the racial boundaries between Europeans, Africans and Amerindians. Today 38% of Brazilians call themselves brown, blacks are only 6% and Amerindians a mere 0.2%. Such racial mixing encouraged Brazils largely white elite to nourish a myth that their country had overcome the legacy of slavery and become a racial democracy, with no colour prejudice (Economist 2000b). Different off-shot has been seen in Ireland where, according to Lipsky (1979), the group accepts very narrow definition of its membership, including being catholic, nationalist, and a member of the GAA. This effectively excludes many because thy do not conform to some rigid stereotype, or they themselves do not feel a part of the group. Internalised oppression leads to mistrust about their own thinking and intelligence among members of the group, trusting more their oppressing group’s thoughts and opinions, rather than that of each other. According to Economist (2000b), Brazil’s deep social inequalities run broadly along racial lines. Brazil is still largely governed, managed and owned by whites. Blacks and browns are disproportionately poor, and find it harder than similarly qualified whites to get a job. After being elected in 1994, president Cardosa took modest steps towards solving the problem, setting up an advisory council on race issues and appointing Pele as Brazils first black minister. Recently, the Brazilian army gained its second black general and the federal police its first black commander. Access to education is still the greatest obstacle to the advancement of black Brazilians. Amerindians are in even worse circumstances, urging the Congress to pass a law to strengthen their rights, which has been under discussion for nine years. Although Irish people have a long historical experience of oppression, they still participate in the oppression of many other groups (McDonnell 2001). Ireland at the present has become a primary destination for immigrants from war-torn African countries and Eastern European countries. Many people reflected that it ironic that people in Ireland are acting in a racist fashion against these incoming peoples considering how much Ireland depended on having a welcome in other countries during the hard economic times. Violence is present in both countries. According to Economist (2000), Brazil has ugly everyday violence. In Ireland, the frustrations of repressed emotions and interpersonal suspicion have led to behaviour that evidences anger and violence, and also is abusive to other Irish people in particular (McDonnell 2001). According to McDonnell (2001), most people accepted that Irish are looking for an opportunity to find a way around the law, are being indirect about the truth, and have problems being empathetic and helpful. In addition, most people seem to think that the Irish emphasise the need to own the land but do not care for its beauty or upkeep, which is seen as a direct result of colonisation. Furthermore, it has been argued that Irish have more problems with sexuality and alcohol than other nations. LANGUAGE Only about one-fourth of Irish speak Irish, a Gaelic language, while almost all the people speak English (Encarta 2000). The constitution provides for both Irish and English as official languages. However, some have interpreted acquisition of the English language in positive terms, as it has helped people who emigrated from Ireland to establish themselves in English speaking countries. The second advantage of the English language is that it has helped to attract foreign business, in particular America. Finally, the success of Irish people in adapting to the English language has produced world renowned literature. Portuguese is the official and prevailing language of Brazil, although there are some regional variations in pronunciation and slang words (Encarta 2000). Since 1938 Portuguese has been the compulsory language for teaching in schools, but German and Italian are still spoken in homes in the South by some descendants of immigrants. English and French are the main second languages of educated Brazilians. There are also over 100 indigenous languages, of which the most important are Tupà ­, Gà ª, Arawak, and Carib. The Portuguese borrowed some Indian words, particularly from Tupà ­. Many settlements and physical features still have Indian place-names. The settlers also borrowed some words from the vocabulary of African slaves. CURRENT CHANGES Irish culture is, at present, undergoing a transition time and is emerging out of some of the effects of colonisation such as poor self-esteem and lack of self-confidence, into a new and effective role in the world (McDonnell 2001). The Celtic Tiger, the name given to the recent economic boom in Ireland, is seen to have the most change, brining economic success and concurrent financial independence and efficacy to the culture. This is perceived to have reached many levels of the culture, bringing benefits and a general increase in confidence. Ireland is undergoing a transformation from being an economic underdog to one of first world economic success. The process of Ireland being caught in the colonial dynamic of relating only to the coloniser, Britain, was seen to be ameliorated by the coming of the EU. This was followed by the influx of American companies into Ireland, which effectively changed the economic status of the country. According to Economist (2000), only Japan recorded faster economic growth than Brazil between 1900 and 1982. And though Brazil is not free of racism, it has been strikingly more successful than the United States and many other countries in creating a multi-racial society. Its recent democratic governments have made big efforts to tackle other social problems, ranging from education to land reform. Having overcome hyperinflation, and ridden out last years devaluation, the economy is now set to grow again. Brazils prospects now look brighter because over the past decade the country has moved far in opening itself up, slashing tariffs, abolishing state monopolies and selling off state-owned businesses to private investors, many of them foreigners. BIBLIOGRAPHY Abreu, M.A. (2004). â€Å"European Conquest, Indian Subjection and the Conflicts of Colonization: Brazil in the early modern era†. GeoJurnal, Vol.60, pp.365-373. Eagleton, T., Jameson, F., Said, E. (1990). â€Å"Nationalism, Colonialism and Literature (eds)†. University of Minnesota Press. Economist (2000). â€Å"Brazil’s 500 Years of Solitude†. Vol.355, Iss.8167. Encarta Encyclopedia (2000). Microsoft. Economist (2000b). â€Å"Brazil’s Unfinished Battle for Racial Democracy†. Vol.355, Iss.8167. Kenny, V. (1985). â€Å"The Post-Colonial Personality†. The Crane Bag, Iss.9, pp.70-78. Lilley, K.D. (2000). â€Å"Non Urbe, Non Vico, Non Castris: territorial control and the colonization and urbanization of Wales and Ireland under Anglo-Normans lordship†. Journal of Historical Geography, Vol.26, Iss.4, pp.517-531. Lipsky, S. (1979). â€Å"Internalized Oppression†. Black Re-Emergence, Iss.2, pp.5-10. Marchant, A. (1942). â€Å"From Barter to Slavery: The economic relations of Portuguese and Indians in the settlement of Brazil, 1500-1580†. Johns Hopkins University Press. McDonnell, A.P. (2001). â€Å"Internalized Colonisation Ireland and Irish Culture: A psychological enquiry†. American School of Professional Psychology. Meining, D.W. (1969). â€Å"A Macrogeography of Western Imperialism: some morphologies of moving frontiers of political control† in Gale and Lawton settlement and encounter. Oxford University Press. Meining, D.W. (1982). â€Å"Geographical Analysis of Imperial Expansion† in Baker and Billinge Period and place: Research methods in historical geography. Cambridge University Press. Metcalf, A.C. (2005). â€Å"The Entradas of Bahia of the 16th Century†. The Americas, Vol.61, Iss.3, pg.373. Nelligan, L.M. (2000). â€Å"Home Fronts: Domestic civility and the birth of colonialism in 16th century Ireland†. University of California. Smith, B. (1999). â€Å"Colonisation and Conquest in Medieval Ireland: The English in Louth, 1170-1330†. Cambridge University Press.

Ideal Education

A university is an institution that educates a student to better prepare them to work in the field that they choose. The best curriculum varies for each student, but it is necessary that the students have some experience in the working environment before they set out on their own. For engineers, strong working skills of your major and internships are essential to survive in today†s society. A successful engineer must also take additional courses writing and computer technology and spend no less than five years in the university. The ideal engineering student would go above and beyond the academic requirements for completing their major and would have working experience in the field that they choose. As an electrical engineering student at the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB), I have been exposed to a curriculum that gives students more exposure to other areas of the field. The curriculum includes more technical writing and computer technology courses that will help students prepare for the tasks performed by an actual engineer. Some corporations, such as Alcar, are even making courses in communication, technology, and management into prerequisites to work in the industry. These types of courses are especially gratifying because they qualify students for better jobs and allow students to express their ideas more clearly. These traditionally non-engineering courses have now become necessary to complete the best possible engineering education. Linda Geppart supports my theory of a wider spectrum of classes in her article, â€Å"Educating the Renaissance Engineer. Geppart believes that engineers may have their areas of specialty, but they need exposure to other areas as well. For example, an engineer must have at least a working knowledge of other technologies so they know where to seek help to solve a problem. Also, many engineers are needed in other professional areas such as marketing, manufacturing, development, and research. â€Å"This means that engineers need to have communication and writing skills†, said Jin Park, professor of electrical engineering at Yonsei University (in Geppart, p. 16). Progress in communications and technology keeps raising the level of knowledge that engineers need today. Another step to the ideal education would require the students to have experience working in the field they have chosen. Many Universities are giving their students the option to have an internship to fulfill the academic requirements for that semester. My brother, a computer engineering major at Creighton University, has the choice to take an internship the final semester of his junior year. Mentioned in the Geppart article was how many universities in Europe are requiring their students to have internships. In Germany, it is mandatory for the electrical engineering students to spend at least a half-year in the industry. An internship is an extremely valuable part of an engineering education and should be integrated into more Universities. On-the-job experience gives students a chance to work on real projects in an industrial environment. The students working in the actual industry are far better off than the students learning similar material at a desk are because they will have hands on experience doing the work of an actual engineer. Work experience is a crucial part of any education. The time when most colleges allow internships is at the end of the junior year. This way, the students will be able to focus on the topics that they need for that job or a similar one. Some companies will even pay for your last years of college or for your certification, in order to bring you back. In order to receive the best education possible, a student should be able to choose their own electives in their major, especially since many students decide to go into different fields of work later on. Many schools such as Carnegie Mellon University are adapting this into their curriculum and letting their students customize their own education. Most students would obtain much more knowledge in classes they were actually interested in than those they were â€Å"getting out of the way† to fulfill their graduation requirements. I find myself working a lot harder in classes that I am interested in than those that I am not interested in. The notion of choosing your own electives is also very important for those who want to pursue their bachelor†s degree with a degree in another field such as medicine or business. Finally, four years is not a lot of time to receive the best education. A student should stay in a university long enough to get a masters degree or a double major, which would usually be about five years. UCSB offers many different five-year programs including a combination engineering degree with a business degree or an engineering degree with a computer science degree. Also available at UCSB, like in many universities, are the higher education programs like the master†s degree or a PHD. It is essential for universities to offer such programs to give students the opportunity to obtain the ideal education. The expanded program at UCSB does not allow the students to pick many classes outside the requirements because the double major takes up almost all of the time. But the ability to broaden the spectrum of classes a student takes lies in the individual student. A student could still graduate in less time by taking summer courses. The ideal student would complete the requirements for their major and take extra classes to widen the spectrum of their knowledge in their line of work. The model student would also spend some amount of time working in the field that the have chosen. The best curriculum differs for each student depending on their major but it is vital that they spend no less than five years in the university to complete higher education and get, at least, a master†s degree. The more each individual student puts into their college career, the better it will pay off for him or her in the future. Ideal Education A university is an institution that educates a student to better prepare them to work in the field that they choose. The best curriculum varies for each student, but it is necessary that the students have some experience in the working environment before they set out on their own. For engineers, strong working skills of your major and internships are essential to survive in today†s society. A successful engineer must also take additional courses writing and computer technology and spend no less than five years in the university. The ideal engineering student would go above and beyond the academic requirements for completing their major and would have working experience in the field that they choose. As an electrical engineering student at the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB), I have been exposed to a curriculum that gives students more exposure to other areas of the field. The curriculum includes more technical writing and computer technology courses that will help students prepare for the tasks performed by an actual engineer. Some corporations, such as Alcar, are even making courses in communication, technology, and management into prerequisites to work in the industry. These types of courses are especially gratifying because they qualify students for better jobs and allow students to express their ideas more clearly. These traditionally non-engineering courses have now become necessary to complete the best possible engineering education. Linda Geppart supports my theory of a wider spectrum of classes in her article, â€Å"Educating the Renaissance Engineer. Geppart believes that engineers may have their areas of specialty, but they need exposure to other areas as well. For example, an engineer must have at least a working knowledge of other technologies so they know where to seek help to solve a problem. Also, many engineers are needed in other professional areas such as marketing, manufacturing, development, and research. â€Å"This means that engineers need to have communication and writing skills†, said Jin Park, professor of electrical engineering at Yonsei University (in Geppart, p. 16). Progress in communications and technology keeps raising the level of knowledge that engineers need today. Another step to the ideal education would require the students to have experience working in the field they have chosen. Many Universities are giving their students the option to have an internship to fulfill the academic requirements for that semester. My brother, a computer engineering major at Creighton University, has the choice to take an internship the final semester of his junior year. Mentioned in the Geppart article was how many universities in Europe are requiring their students to have internships. In Germany, it is mandatory for the electrical engineering students to spend at least a half-year in the industry. An internship is an extremely valuable part of an engineering education and should be integrated into more Universities. On-the-job experience gives students a chance to work on real projects in an industrial environment. The students working in the actual industry are far better off than the students learning similar material at a desk are because they will have hands on experience doing the work of an actual engineer. Work experience is a crucial part of any education. The time when most colleges allow internships is at the end of the junior year. This way, the students will be able to focus on the topics that they need for that job or a similar one. Some companies will even pay for your last years of college or for your certification, in order to bring you back. In order to receive the best education possible, a student should be able to choose their own electives in their major, especially since many students decide to go into different fields of work later on. Many schools such as Carnegie Mellon University are adapting this into their curriculum and letting their students customize their own education. Most students would obtain much more knowledge in classes they were actually interested in than those they were â€Å"getting out of the way† to fulfill their graduation requirements. I find myself working a lot harder in classes that I am interested in than those that I am not interested in. The notion of choosing your own electives is also very important for those who want to pursue their bachelor†s degree with a degree in another field such as medicine or business. Finally, four years is not a lot of time to receive the best education. A student should stay in a university long enough to get a masters degree or a double major, which would usually be about five years. UCSB offers many different five-year programs including a combination engineering degree with a business degree or an engineering degree with a computer science degree. Also available at UCSB, like in many universities, are the higher education programs like the master†s degree or a PHD. It is essential for universities to offer such programs to give students the opportunity to obtain the ideal education. The expanded program at UCSB does not allow the students to pick many classes outside the requirements because the double major takes up almost all of the time. But the ability to broaden the spectrum of classes a student takes lies in the individual student. A student could still graduate in less time by taking summer courses. The ideal student would complete the requirements for their major and take extra classes to widen the spectrum of their knowledge in their line of work. The model student would also spend some amount of time working in the field that the have chosen. The best curriculum differs for each student depending on their major but it is vital that they spend no less than five years in the university to complete higher education and get, at least, a master†s degree. The more each individual student puts into their college career, the better it will pay off for him or her in the future.

Latin America’s Access to International Capital Markets: Good Behavior or Global Liquidity?

Latin America gained independence in early 19th century. From that time on, it showed active participation in international business endeavors through borrowings. The active participation of Latin America in international capital markets started when independence wars emerge in the history of the region. The series of borrowings by Latin America to international capital markets was stopped when several Latin American countries defaulted in its payments. Hence, international markets disappeared before the Latin American countries as a source financial aid. In the year 1970, Latin America participated again in having access to international capital markets. But, that participation became short-lived due to the fact that Mexico defaulted in its financial obligations with international capital markets. As a result, all Latin American countries lost access to international borrowings. There are three main questions that trigger the people’s minds in relation to the research study. The first question is anchored on whether or not the erratic international capital markets affect the boom-bust pattern in Latin America’s participation in international borrowings. The second question is posed on whether or not the volatile nature of Latin America’s economies caused the boom-bust pattern in Latin America’s participation in international borrowings. And the third question pertains to whether or not international primary gross issuance is vital to Latin America’s economic condition. In line with that, a collection of issuance data for twenty Latin American countries was completed which resulted to the discovery of three groups of typical economies. The first group of typical economies pertains to those Latin American countries with active participation in international capital markets which include Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Mexico, and Venezuela (Fostel & Kaminsky, 2007, p. ). The second group of typical economies is one with more limited access to intentional borrowings which is composed of Bolivia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Panama, Peru, and Uruguay (Fostel & Kaminsky, 2007, p. 1). The third group of typical economies is one without participation in international markets and with no international issuance bond and equity which is composed of Haiti, Nicaragua, and Paraguay (Fostel & Kaminsky, 2007, p. 1). The first group is the focus of the research study for the purpose of examining whether or not good behavior or global liquidity is the cause of the boom-bust pattern of Latin America’s participation in international capital markets business activities. Basically, the research paper revolves around the explanation on Latin America’s access to international markets. The performance of the trade account and the development of financing in soaring, average, and stumpy income countries are discussed with clarity. Besides, the skillful presentation about the evolution of transfers involving official and private capital flows is apparent. The in-depth discussion about the three international capital markets like bonds, equity and syndicated loans of which some Latin American countries gained access provides readers the necessary knowledge about the topic. The data presented by the researchers with respect to international gross issuance among the countries that belongs to the first typical economies is useful in understanding the development of the participation of Latin America in international capital markets. Hence, the research paper is successful in giving complete and reliable information regarding Latin America’s access to international borrowings. Finally, global liquidation may be considered vital to access in international capital markets for Latin American countries, but still good behaviors matters most. This fact was exemplified by the positive performance of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile in terms of financial obligation payments during the 1990s (Fostel & Kaminsky, 2007, p. 1). The result of such superior performance is eventual macroeconomic stabilization.

Writing Is A Difficult Process. Not Everyone Can Pick It

Writing is a difficult process. Not everyone can pick it up as easily as others do. There are steps in order to have a good piece of writing. Once that is accomplished, there are infinite possibilities to what writing can do. Writing is a magical medium that requires time and practice to master. Writing is extraordinary, it allows the author to express himself in ways they wouldn’t have been able to do otherwise. In â€Å"What Writing Is: from On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft, author and novelist Stephen King claims, writing is â€Å"telepathy† (305). Telepathy a form of magic that allows two people to communicate without speaking (306). The only other way to perform telepathy is to use magic. Since writing allows anyone with any amount of talent†¦show more content†¦After outlining and creating a basic thesis, I am usually able to create a good first draft. It took a while to develop this process. It only happened out of habit from having to write outline fo r a different writing class. However, having an outline helps with having motivation to write. I usually write over the outline so I am not staring at a blank page. It tricks my brain into thinking that I have written some part of the essay on the page. Not only does having an outline make it easier to begin writing, it makes the text clearer. If I hadn’t written without an outline, I would have written everything and anything that came into mind whether it related to my topic or not, which would cause confusion to anyone reading the text. Diaz’s difficulties with writing helps beginning writers to understand that even professional authors have trouble writing. The novelist and author Anne Lamott expresses how first drafts should be terrible in â€Å"Shitty First Drafts† from her book Bird by Bird (301).Before a perfect third draft there is an okay second draft and an awful first draft (301). 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